Polygonum multiflorum

Polygonum multiflorum

Commonly used blood tonics. It is also known as Shouwu and Chishouwu. It was first published in Rihuazi Materia Medica. It is the root tuber of Polygonum multiflorum, a polygonaceae plant. It is said that the ancient surname He took this product occasionally. All the old diseases healed, and his hair and beard turned black. He got the effect of prolonging life, so he got the name.

Origin and character

The polygonum multiflorum prefers a warm and humid environment, and most of them live in grass slopes, roadside, hillside crevices, forests or shrubs (see figure). It is mainly produced in Henan, Hubei, Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Jiangsu and other places in China. In recent years, it has been artificially cultivated. It usually takes 3-4 years to harvest the cultivated products. Wild or cultivated products can be dug, cleaned, sliced, dried in the sun or dried in the light of fire when their stems and leaves wither in autumn or before they sprout the next year. Mix the pre boiled black bean juice with yellow rice wine, mix well, put it into the polygonum multiflorum, place it in a container (iron ware is forbidden), seal it, heat it with water, stew it until the bean juice and wine are completely absorbed, take it out to dry, and then weigh it as polygonum multiflorum.

The raw Radix Polygoni Multiflori is in the form of lump or irregular spindle, 6~15cm long, 4~12cm in diameter, reddish brown or brown on the surface, wrinkled and uneven, with irregular wrinkles and longitudinal grooves, lenticels crosswise or even into stripes, and there is an obvious root mark at the upper and lower ends. The texture is solid, the section is powdery, light yellowish brown or reddish brown, and the skin is surrounded by 4-11 round shaped vascular bundles, forming a brocade like pattern, with a large wood core in the center. The prepared polygonum multiflorum is an irregular crumpled piece with a thickness of about 1cm. The surface is dark brown, uneven, hard, and the section is horny, brown or black.

Nature, taste and function

This taste is bitter, sweet, astringent, and mild in nature. It belongs to liver, heart and kidney meridians. The preparation of polygonum multiflorum has the functions of tonifying liver and kidney, replenishing blood essence and hair. It is mainly used to treat liver and kidney yin deficiency, blood essence loss, dizziness and tinnitus, palpitation and insomnia, waist and knee soreness and weakness, early whiteness of hair and beard, nocturnal discharge, metrorrhagia and diarrhea, etc. The function of Shouwu is to promote blood circulation, dispel wind, eliminate carbuncle, detoxify, and relieve constipation.

Composition and pharmacology

The root tuber of Polygonum multiflorum contains about 1.1% anthraquinone derivatives, mainly chrysophanol and emodin, followed by rhein, emodin methyl ether, digitalis anthraquinone and edible rhubarb glycosides, and also contains about 3.7% lecithin, starch, fat, stilbene compounds 2, 3, 5, 4 '- tetrahydroxyp-styrene - 2 - 0 - β－ D-glucoside (about 1.2%). In addition, it also contains two kinds of steroidal saponins, the aglycone is diosgenin, and contains elements calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel and strontium. The water and alcohol extracts of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. can reduce serum cholesterol, reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption, prevent cholesterol deposition in the liver, and reduce atherosclerosis. The anthraquinone derivatives contained in raw Polygonum multiflorum can promote intestinal peristalsis and expel intestinal endotoxin, which has the effect of laxative; The catharsis effect of prepared Radix Polygoni Multiflori is weaker than that of raw Radix Polygoni Multiflori. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb contains more lecithin, which can promote the formation of red blood cells, have the effect of enriching blood, and delay the degeneration, atrophy or increase the weight of thymus.

Application and Taboos

The prepared polygonum multiflorum is used together with other drugs such as supplementing qi and blood, nourishing yin and replenishing essence. Such as blood deficiency dizziness, tinnitus, palpitations, insomnia, often with cooked rehmannia, angelica, cypress seed, jujube seed, schisandra, cinnabar and so on; Deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of blood essence, weakness of waist and knees, discharge of semen, early white hair and beard, can be matched with cooked ground, cornel meat, achyranthes bidentata, dodder, rosa laevigata, black sesame, etc; If the malaria does not heal and the qi and blood are deficient, it can be used with ginseng, angelica, licorice, etc. Since polygonum multiflorum is not greasy and has a peaceful nature, it can be used for tonifying deficiency and can be taken for a long time, especially for patients who are not being replenished. It can be made into tablets by using this product alone, or decocted with raw hawthorn, raw rhubarb, privet fruit, and polygonatum to treat hyperlipidemia. It can also be used with mulberry parasitic, privet fruit, etc. to treat hypertension and vascular sclerosis; It can be used with salvia miltiorrhiza, turmeric, trichosanthes, polygonatum, cypress seed, calamus, etc. to treat coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease. The function of Shouwu is to promote blood circulation, dispel wind, eliminate carbuncle, detoxify, and relieve constipation. It is mainly used for the following syndromes: scabies all over the body, rubella and itching, often used with angelica, red peony root, fangfeng, fresh white skin, sophora flavescens and other blood activating and wind dispelling drugs; Carbuncle, swelling and toxin, scrofula and tuberculosis can be used together with honeysuckle, licorice, viola, or scrophularia, seaweed, earth fritillaria and other antipyretic and detoxifying drugs, soft and hard powder; Blood deficiency and yin damage the elderly's intestinal dryness and constipation. It can be used together with such yin nourishing, blood nourishing and dryness moistening medicines as habitat, angelica, hemp seed and black sesame. The dosage is 6-12g. It is not suitable for loose stool and heavy wet phlegm. Avoid iron tools when dispensing.

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