Astragalus membranaceus extract (Astragalus polysaccharides, Astragaloside IV) - Application report on animal disease prevention and animal health
Astragalus membranaceus extract (Astragalus polysaccharides, Astragaloside IV) - Application report on animal disease prevention and animal health
Astragalus membranaceus is the dried root of the leguminous plant Astragalus mongolicus or Astragalus membranaceus. Its main component is astragalus polysaccharides; Astragalus saponins; Flavonoids and 25 amino acids with a total content of approximately 1.23%, 23 trace elements (including iron, manganese, zinc, selenium with higher content), folate, choline, linolenic acid, and other components. Astragalus membranaceus has a sweet and warm taste, which belongs to the lung and spleen meridians; It has the functions of tonifying qi and consolidating the surface, supporting toxins and expelling pus, astringing sores and generating muscles, diuresis and detumescence. Astragalus membranaceus belongs to a type of Chinese herbal medicine that can regulate immune function. And these drugs enhance immune function and enhance the intensity of action of white blood cells, in order: Huangqi, Huangdi, Huangmaidong, Biandou, Xianling, Spleen, Baishao, and Shuangduan, Huangjing. Chinese herbal medicines that can enhance and promote the regulation of the body's immune function, regulate the body's immunity and disease resistance are called immunomodulatory Chinese herbal medicines. According to their different functions, they can be divided into three types: immunopotentiators, immunomodulators, and immunosuppressive drugs. In ancient Chinese medicine, there was a record of "positive qi stored within, evil cannot be interfered with". Under the guidance of this concept, a treatment method of strengthening the foundation, tonifying deficiency and supplementing qi emerged. Its essence is to regulate qi, blood, yin and yang, maintain the overall balance of the body's functions, thereby enhancing immunity and preventing the body from being invaded by pathogenic factors. Using the concept of modern medical science, it is an early discussion on immune regulation and homeostasis systems. The "Huangqi Extract" customized by Professor Li Jue's Livestock and Poultry Hospital uses ultrasonic extraction combined with supercritical fluid extraction technology, using Mongolian Astragalus as raw material in a ratio of 1:15-20. It is concentrated, purified, and extracted by Henan Yuzhou Bencao Technology Co., Ltd. (a joint venture of Professor Li) (our company produces Huangqi polysaccharides with an additional 10% polysaccharide synergist). Modern nutritional theory confirms that Huangqi extract contains antibacterial (inhibitory) components, alkaloids, polysaccharides, carbohydrates, volatile oils, tannins, organic acids and other bioactive substances, as well as a certain amount of amino acids, minerals, unknown growth regulators (UGFs), and pigments. Among them, astragaloside IV and astragalus polysaccharides are the main components of astragalus extract. Huangqi extract can play an important role in the prevention and control of livestock and poultry diseases and animal growth and health care. The polysaccharides extracted from Astragalus membranaceus sold on the market are the leftovers after extracting Astragalus membranaceus glycoside IV. 1、 Research on Astragalus polysaccharides in enhancing the body's immune system and preventing and treating immune system syndrome in livestock and poultry: Animal bodies have a complete immune system that dominates and executes the body's immune functions, serving as the material basis for immune responses. The immune system is the guardian of life and the body's defense system. The immune system is composed of immune organ tubes, immune cells, immune molecules, and immune genes. Under normal circumstances, the structure and function of the immune system are generally the foundation for the body to maintain normal immune stability. If abnormalities occur, immune dysfunction or immune diseases may occur. The immune vessel of the body refers to the lymphatic vessel containing lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. According to their different roles in immunity, it is divided into central immune vessel and peripheral immune vessel. The former includes bone marrow and thymus, birds also have intraluminal sac, and the latter includes spleen, lymph nodes, and diffuse lymphoid tissue throughout the body. The effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on the animal immune system are mainly manifested in four aspects: (1) The promoting function of Astragalus polysaccharides on the immune organs is mainly reflected in the good development and weight gain of the animal thymus, bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, supraluminal cysts of birds, and diffuse lymphoid tissues throughout the body. The weight and development status of immune organs directly affect the level of immunity in livestock and poultry. （2） The impact of astragalus polysaccharides on the immune function of red blood cells: Red blood cells (RB) and white blood cells are both derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Although they were previously believed to be the same, their functions were different. Red blood cells mainly carry gas transport in the blood, while white blood cells participate in the immune mechanism of the body. With the rapid development of immune theory and technology, people's understanding of the function of red blood cells has gradually deepened. In 1981, American scholars such as SIE-GEL first proposed the concept of "red blood cell immune system" based on the fact that red blood cells exhibit immune adhesion and there are type 1 complements and receptors (R1) on the surface of red blood cell membranes that can bind to immune complexes (1), which attracted great attention from scholars both domestically and internationally. Red blood cells not only have respiratory function, but also participate in the immune response and regulation of the body. Although there has been some progress in research on the animal immune system in the past, the immune function of red blood cells has not been taken seriously. Taking porcine eperythrozoosis as an example, although there are many treatment plans, the disease has repeatedly occurred due to the lack of recognition of the immune function of red blood cells and targeted prevention and treatment measures, resulting in a series of adverse reactions in the immune mechanism. Red blood cells have the following immune functions: ① clearing immune complexes in the blood circulation; ② Promote the phagocytic ability of macrophages or neutrophils; ③ The immune regulatory effect of lymphocytes: promoting the production of cytokines such as interferon R by T cells; Promote the production of antibodies by B cells; Enhancing NK cell activity: Enhancing LAK cell activity: Enhancing lymphocyte immune adhesion to tumor cells. ④ Presentation effect: Red blood cells have dual adhesion properties, and their R can adhere to 1, but cannot adhere to their own thymocytes and T cells. This enables the antigen in 1 cell to be presented to T cells. The regulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on red blood cell immune function is manifested in promoting the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and differentiation into erythroid and granulocytic cells; Astragalus polysaccharides can promote the expression of red blood cells, enhance their activity, and improve the disorder of red blood cell immune adhesion regulatory factors in serum. （3） The promoting effect of astragalus polysaccharides on specific immunity: Specific immunity refers to the immune response against specific pathogens that is involved in lymphocytes, including cellular immunity involving T lymphocyte factors (which eliminate specific pathogenic microorganisms invading the body through the production of various lymphokines by sensitized lymphocytes) and humoral immunity involving B lymphocytes (which eliminate pathogenic microorganisms through the production of specific antibodies by plasma cells). Astragalus polysaccharides can significantly enhance the body's immunity and humoral immunity. Astragalus polysaccharides promote splenic lymph node proliferation, increase the formation rate of E flower nodes, enhance auxiliary functions, inhibit T activity, enhance natural killer function, induce interferon, enhance the release of interleukin, and other functions: promote or regulate the body's immune function; At the same time, it can also enhance or regulate the humoral immune function of the body by increasing the blood levels of R-globulin IG and IGE, prolonging the retention time of antibodies in the body, and other methods. In addition, the immune function of the body can also be comprehensively regulated by inhibiting its immune function. （4） The promoting function of Astragalus polysaccharides on non-specific immunity: Non specific immunity is the process of animal evolution that blocks the invasion and killing of antigenic microorganisms. The immunity that engulfs pathogenic microorganisms is innate and heritable. Astragalus polysaccharides mainly enhance the non-specific immune function of the body by increasing peripheral blood white blood count, enhancing the phagocytic function of the immune system, and regulating the plasma content ratio of cyclic adenosine phosphate (AP)/cyclic adenosine phosphate (GP). In summary, Astragalus polysaccharides have significant promoting and regulating effects on the immune function of animals. Once the immune system of livestock and poultry is suppressed or destroyed, it will cause a series of immune diseases in livestock and poultry, such as the respiratory system, digestive system, urogenital system, etc., which pose a threat and have adverse effects on the growth and development of animals. At this time, Astragalus polysaccharides are the ideal choice. 2、 Pharmacological effects of astragalus polysaccharides on pathogenic microorganisms: (1) Antiviral effect of astragalus polysaccharides: It is an interferon inducer, and its antiviral principle is to stimulate the function of macrophages and T cells, resulting in an increase in the number of E-ring forming cells,
Inducing cytokines, promoting the induction of interleukin, and causing the animal body to produce endogenous interferon, thus achieving the purpose of antiviral treatment. Used for the treatment of piglet circovirus disease, chicken infectious bursal disease, and influenza virus infectious diseases. Astragalus can prevent colds and reduce the incidence rate by more than 50%, and the combination of Astragalus and interferon can reduce the incidence rate by more than 70%. (2) Astragalus polysaccharides have anti-tumor effects: they can improve immune function caused by tumors in the body, promote immune cell activation and release endogenous factors, prevent peroxidation, and thus cause killing and inhibiting effects on tumor cells. They are used for the treatment of Marek's disease in chickens. (3) Astragalus polysaccharides have antibacterial effects: The mechanism of antibacterial action is multifaceted, on the one hand, it is the direct inhibitory and detoxifying effect of drugs on fine powder and its toxic products, and on the other hand, it mainly plays a role in promoting the body's immune defense function and promoting the body's health, eliminating pathogens, inhibiting bacteria, and killing bacteria. It has antibacterial effects on Shigella dysentery bacteria, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. 3、 Application of Astragalus polysaccharides in animal health: (1) Application of Astragalus polysaccharides to enhance the immunity of vaccines: Astragalus polysaccharides not only enhance the body's immunity, but also greatly enhance the immunity of epidemic vaccines, and have good protective effects on epidemic vaccines. According to research, Astragalus polysaccharides can enhance the serum pull titer of Marek's disease vaccines. The combination of Astragalus polysaccharides and NDVIV vaccine can improve the serum HI antibody titer of immunized chickens. When using coccidia vaccine, Astragalus polysaccharides can enhance the immune protection of chicken coccidia. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences veterinary research has confirmed that Astragalus decoction can be used as an adjuvant for foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, increasing the protection rate by 20%. Experts suggest that: 1. Astragalus polysaccharides should be used together as a vaccine protector and synergist when making vaccines for epidemic prevention in livestock and poultry. Quickly increase the potency of the vaccine, maintain a high level of potency, and maintain a neat population potency level. 2. Astragalus polysaccharides, used as immune modulators in combination with anti coccidian drugs, significantly increase the anti coccidian index of anti coccidian drugs, improve clinical symptoms of coccidian infected chickens, and increase weight gain rate. （2） The effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on the liver: It can promote the synthesis of liver cells, DNA RNA, alleviate liver toxic substances induced lesions, enhance liver detoxification function, and protect liver cells. It is used to prevent duck viral hepatitis, chicken fatty liver, pericardial hydrops hepatitis syndrome, hepatosplenopathy, hepatitis splenomegaly syndrome, and other acute and chronic hepatitis in livestock and poultry, with good prevention and treatment effects. At the same time, it can increase the feed intake of livestock and poultry, Promote the development of hair growth in livestock and poultry. （3） Astragalus polysaccharides have effects on the kidneys: they can improve renal cell metabolism and function, reduce blood creatinine levels, alleviate renal failure after nephrectomy, and have good preventive and therapeutic effects on nephrotic syndrome, acute renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, renal enlargement, urate deposition, and AIDS. The mechanisms include: 1. clearing free radicals, improving interstitial edema, and increasing filtration rate; 2. Eliminate proteinuria; 3. Anticoagulant and improve hemodynamics: 4. Regulate immune function. At the same time, it serves the purpose of kidney health and is beneficial for the growth and breeding function of livestock and poultry. （4） Astragalus polysaccharides have stabilizing cellular effects: anti-aging, anti-free radical and peroxidation effects. Long term and regular use can significantly improve the lifespan and efficiency of breeding livestock and poultry. In addition, Astragalus polysaccharides have gonadotropic effects, which can cause thickening of the uterus, enlargement of the uterine cavity, and an increase in the weight of the uterine horns and ovaries in female animals. Astragalus polysaccharides can also improve the reproductive performance of male animals, significantly improving sperm activity, survival rate, and density. （5） Astragalus polysaccharides are the fourth need for the health of young poultry and livestock: the essence of health care for young poultry and livestock is to meet three needs: 1. vaccines needed to prevent viral diseases such as infectious bursal disease, Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, porcine circovirus, and swine fever; 2. Antibiotics required to prevent bacterial diseases such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Pasteurella: 3. Vitamins, electrolytes, etc. required to enhance physical fitness and immunity. Through long-term practical research, it has been found that while people meet the above three needs for the health of chicks and young animals during the breeding process, there is actually a "fourth need" for chick health: not only do the above three needs fully play their roles, but also meet the need for chick and young animal health to have no drug residues and fully tap into their growth potential. The latest green and safe product for the health of young livestock and poultry developed by Professor Li Jue from Zhengzhou Pastoral College Livestock and Poultry Hospital - the Fourth Need. The main ingredients of this product are astragalus polysaccharides, berberine, and oligosaccharide oligosaccharide syrup precision formula. It can simultaneously meet the new needs of health care for livestock, poultry, and young animals: 1. When combined with vaccines, it can fully exert the vaccine's effect to reach the highest potency level in a short time, with neat group potency levels, and good epidemic prevention effects. 2. When using the fourth need, the use of antibiotics can be minimized as much as possible, and even antibiotics can be avoided, which can still prevent the occurrence of bacterial diseases. 3. It can promote the full absorption of nutrients such as vitamins, electrolytes, and trace elements, thereby protecting the liver and kidneys, promoting the absorption of yolk sac, and improving the body's resistance. Fourth usage: Baby care: Each bottle of 3001 is used for 2000-3000 chicks from the first day, and can be used continuously for 7 days. Use 100 kilograms of water per bottle for vaccines, and provide 1000 to 2000 kilograms of water per bottle for livestock health. Use 100-200 kilograms of water per bottle with the vaccine. （6） Astragalus polysaccharides have the function of improving the utilization of nutrients and promoting animal growth. Astragalus polysaccharides contain various nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements, including unknown growth factors (UGFs). As a feed additive, it can significantly improve the growth rate of livestock and poultry, enhance the body's resistance, and improve the quality and yield of meat, eggs, and milk. 4、 Usage and dosage of Huangqi extract: Epidemic prevention and control: 0.5-1 grams of mixture or drinking water per adult pig
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